FOIA 回复信 — FOIA-202 [redacted]，China Eastern Airlines Flight MU5735（DCA22WA102）

National Transportation Safety Board Office of the Chief Information Officer FOIA Office (CIO-40) Washington, DC 20594 NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION SAFETY BOARD

National Transportation Safety Board [美国国家运输安全委员会] Office of the Chief Information Officer [首席信息官办公室] FOIA Office (CIO-40) [FOIA办公室] Washington, DC 20594 NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION SAFETY BOARD

April 21, 2026

April 21, 2026

Mr. [redacted] [redacted]

Mr. [redacted] [redacted]

Re: National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) No. FOIA-202 [redacted] March 21, 2022, Wuzhou, China (DCA22WA102)

事由：National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) No. FOIA-202 [redacted] March 21, 2022, Wuzhou, China (DCA22WA102)

Dear Mr. [redacted]:

尊敬的 Mr. [redacted]：

This letter responds to your FOIA request dated January 21, 2026, seeking the following records related to the above-referenced accident investigation:

本函回复您日期为 January 21, 2026 的 FOIA 请求，您请求获取与上述事故调查有关的以下记录：

1. Final or Completed Report / Technical Summary (if any) Any final or completed NTSB report, technical memorandum, factual report, readout summary, briefing document, or other written summary prepared by the NTSB concerning China Eastern Airlines Flight MU5735. If no single “final report” exists, please provide the most final or complete NTSB-produced written summary or summaries that memorialize the NTSB’s assistance in the investigation and its results in finalized form.

1. 最终或已完成报告 / 技术概要（如有）任何由 NTSB 就 China Eastern Airlines Flight MU5735 编制的最终或已完成的 NTSB 报告、技术备忘录、事实报告、读出概要、简报文件或其他书面概要。如果不存在单一的“最终报告”，请提供由 NTSB 制作的、最为最终或完整的书面概要，该等概要以定稿形式记录 NTSB 在该调查中的协助及其结果。

2. Communications Log or Index with CAAC (March 21–May 21, 2022) Any existing communication log, index, tracker, register, or similar record maintained by the NTSB that lists or summarizes communications between the NTSB and the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) relating to China Eastern Airlines Flight MU5735 for the period March 21, 2022, through May 21, 2022.

2. 与 CAAC 的通信日志或索引（March 21–May 21, 2022）NTSB 保存的任何现有通信日志、索引、跟踪表、登记册或类似记录，其中列明或概述 NTSB 与 Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) [中国民用航空局] 之间在 March 21, 2022 至 May 21, 2022 期间与 China Eastern Airlines Flight MU5735 有关的通信。

As you may know, the China government was the lead investigative authority on Investigation No. DCA22WA102, in accordance with Aircraft Accident and Incident Investigation, Annex 13 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation (9th ed. 2001).

如您可能知悉，根据 Aircraft Accident and Incident Investigation, Annex 13 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation (9th ed. 2001) [《国际民用航空公约》附件13《航空器事故和事故征候调查》（第9版，2001年）]，China government 是 Investigation No. DCA22WA102 的牵头调查机关。

The Safety Board’s enabling statute, 49 U.S.C. § 1114(f) addresses the Board’s compliance with Annex 13 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, and precludes the Board from releasing information from a foreign investigation, until the investigation fulfills specific criteria:

Safety Board 的授权法规 49 U.S.C. § 1114(f) 规定了 Board 遵守 Annex 13 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation 的义务，并禁止 Board 在调查满足特定标准之前发布来自外国调查的信息：

(f) FOREIGN INVESTIGATIONS.

(f) 外国调查。

1. In general.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, neither the Board, nor any agency receiving information from the Board, shall disclose records or information relating to its participation in foreign aircraft accident investigations; except that—

1. 一般规定。—尽管有任何其他法律规定，Board 以及从 Board 接收信息的任何机构，均不得披露与其参与外国航空器事故调查有关的记录或信息；但以下情况除外—

(A) the Board shall release records pertaining to such an investigation when the country conducting the investigation issues its final report or 2 years following the date of the accident, whichever occurs first; and

(A) 在进行调查的国家发布其最终报告时，或在事故日期之后 2 年时（以先发生者为准），Board 应发布与该调查有关的记录；以及

(B) the Board may disclose records and information when authorized to do so by the country conducting the investigation.

(B) 在获得进行调查的国家授权时，Board 可以披露记录和信息。

In this case, two years have passed since the date of the accident. Accordingly, the Board is releasing certain records relating to this investigation.

在本案中，自事故日期起已过去两年。因此，Board 正在发布与本调查有关的某些记录。

The Safety Board located 2,818 pages of records responsive to your request. Enclosed are 1,959 pages, two Excel spreadsheets, and three FDR files, a total of 13 files, which are being delivered via Box, a secure cloud-based sharing platform. However, we withheld certain information partially and in full pursuant to the exemptions specified below.

Safety Board 找到了 2,818 页回应您请求的记录。随函附上 1,959 页、两个 Excel 电子表格以及三个 FDR 文件，共计 13 个文件，这些文件将通过 Box（一个安全的云端共享平台）交付。但是，我们依据下文列明的豁免，对某些信息进行了部分及全部拒绝披露。

We withheld, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 552(b)(4), commercially sensitive or proprietary information voluntarily given us “of a kind that would customarily not be released to the public by the person from whom it was obtained.” See Critical Mass Project v. NRC, 975 F.2d 871 (D.C. Cir. 1992). Pursuant to this exemption, we withheld 26 pages in full consisting of manuals and proprietary data.

我们依据 5 U.S.C. § 552(b)(4)，拒绝披露自愿提供给我们的商业敏感或专有信息，即“通常不会由取得该信息的来源人向公众发布的种类”的信息。参见 Critical Mass Project v. NRC, 975 F.2d 871 (D.C. Cir. 1992)。依据该项豁免，我们全文拒绝披露 26 页，包括手册和专有数据。

We determined that certain documents are exempt from release under 5 U.S.C. § 552(b)(5) (“Exemption 5”), which exempts from disclosure “inter-agency or intra-agency memorandums or letters that would not be available by law to a party other than an agency in litigation with the agency, provided that the deliberative process privilege shall not apply to records created 25 years or more before the date on which the records were requested.” Exemption 5 protects agency records that are predecisional and deliberative. National Wildlife Fed’n v. U.S. Forest Serv., 861 F.2d 1114 (9th Cir. 1988); Jowett, Inc. v. Department of the Navy, 729 F. Supp. 871 (D.D.C. 1989). Overall, Exemption 5 justifies withholding material that reflects the Safety Board’s deliberative process in order to ensure the free flow of information during investigations and other agency work. Mead Data Cent., Inc. v. Department of the Air Force, 566 F.2d 242, 256 (D.C. Cir. 1977). Pursuant to this exemption, we partially redacted 122 pages and withheld 478 pages in full consisting of pre-decisional, deliberative material, preliminary information, analysis, and draft documents.

我们认定某些文件根据 5 U.S.C. § 552(b)(5)（“Exemption 5”）免于发布；该条豁免披露“机构间或机构内部备忘录或信函，如果在与该机构进行诉讼时，依法不会向机构以外的一方提供；但审议过程特权不适用于在请求记录之日前 25 年或更早创建的记录。”Exemption 5 保护属于决策前且具有审议性质的机构记录。National Wildlife Fed’n v. U.S. Forest Serv., 861 F.2d 1114 (9th Cir. 1988)；Jowett, Inc. v. Department of the Navy, 729 F. Supp. 871 (D.D.C. 1989)。总体而言，Exemption 5 支持拒绝披露反映 Safety Board 审议过程的材料，以确保在调查和其他机构工作期间信息能够自由流动。Mead Data Cent., Inc. v. Department of the Air Force, 566 F.2d 242, 256 (D.C. Cir. 1977)。依据该项豁免，我们部分删减了 122 页，并全文拒绝披露 478 页，其中包括决策前、审议性材料、初步信息、分析和草案文件。

Personal information including autopsy information and graphic photographs, Social Security numbers, and other personally identifying details is withheld pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 552(b)(6), which exempts from disclosure “personnel and medical files and similar files the disclosure of which would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy,” including items such as personal addresses, phone numbers, email addresses and similar sensitive data. Pursuant to this exemption, we partially redacted 192 pages and withheld 355 pages in full containing personal privacy-protected information.

个人信息，包括尸检信息和图像照片、Social Security numbers，以及其他个人身份识别细节，均依据 5 U.S.C. § 552(b)(6) 予以拒绝披露；该条豁免披露“人员和医疗档案以及类似档案，其披露将构成对个人隐私的明显不当侵犯”，包括个人地址、电话号码、电子邮件地址和类似敏感数据等项目。依据该项豁免，我们部分删减了 192 页，并全文拒绝披露 355 页，其中包含受个人隐私保护的信息。

In several documents enclosed with this letter, we determined that exemption(s) to the FOIA required that we redact a limited amount of material. The redactions are clearly marked, and the applicable exemption(s) are noted at the place of the redaction.

关于随本函附上的若干文件，我们认定 FOIA 项下的豁免要求我们删减有限数量的材料。删减处均已明确标示，并在删减位置注明了适用的豁免。

With respect to the FDR files, specialized software is required to import and interpret the data. Even with the appropriate software, the data would not be usable without the manufacturer’s proprietary documentation. Additionally, the Safety Board does not possess any CVR data responsive to your request.

关于 FDR 文件，需要专门软件来导入和解释数据。即使使用适当的软件，如果没有制造商的专有文件，该数据也无法使用。此外，Safety Board 不持有任何回应您请求的 CVR 数据。

Some of the responsive documents identified during our search originated with another federal agency, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Pages or portions of pages that originated with the FAA have been marked as “Referred” or “Other Reason.” In accordance with standard government practice, these documents have been referred to the FAA for a determination on whether they may be released to you. You will receive a response from the FAA directly regarding these records.

我们在检索过程中识别出的部分回应性文件源自另一个联邦机构，即 Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) [美国联邦航空管理局]。源自 FAA 的页面或页面部分已被标记为“Referred”或“Other Reason”。按照标准政府惯例，这些文件已转交 FAA，由其决定是否可以向您发布。您将直接从 FAA 收到关于这些记录的回复。

We did not locate any other records responsive to your request other than this information.

除本信息外，我们未找到任何其他回应您请求的记录。

The NTSB has completed processing your FOIA request, and we are waiving all fees at this time. In accordance with the standard codified in the statute, even where an exemption would otherwise apply, agencies may withhold information only when (1) the agency reasonably foresees that disclosure would harm an interest protected by one of the nine exemptions that FOIA enumerates; or (2) disclosure is prohibited by law. See 5 U.S.C. § 552(a)(8)(A)(i). The NTSB considered the foreseeable harm standard when reviewing records and applying FOIA exemptions in response to this FOIA request and has determined that releasing the records would create a foreseeable harm. Disclosure of the information would chill agency officials’ ability to candidly discuss policy options and confuse the public where options being considered are not ultimately adopted.

NTSB 已完成对您的 FOIA 请求的处理，并且我们目前免收所有费用。根据法规中编纂的标准，即使某项豁免本来适用，机构也只有在以下情况下才可以拒绝披露信息：(1) 机构合理预见披露将损害 FOIA 列举的九项豁免之一所保护的利益；或 (2) 法律禁止披露。参见 5 U.S.C. § 552(a)(8)(A)(i)。NTSB 在审查记录并就本 FOIA 请求适用 FOIA 豁免时考虑了可预见损害标准，并已认定发布这些记录将造成可预见损害。披露该信息将抑制机构官员坦诚讨论政策选项的能力，并且在所考虑的选项最终未被采纳的情况下会使公众产生混淆。

You may contact our FOIA Public Liaison at 202-314-6540, for any further assistance and to discuss any aspect of your request. Additionally, you may contact the Office of Government Information Services (OGIS) at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) to inquire about the FOIA mediation services they offer. The contact information for OGIS is as follows: OGIS, NARA, 8601 Adelphi Road-OGIS, College Park, Maryland 20740-6001, e-mail at [email protected]; telephone at 202-741-5770; toll free at 1-877-684-6448; or facsimile at 202-741-5769.

如需任何进一步协助并讨论您请求的任何方面，您可以通过 202-314-6540 联系我们的 FOIA Public Liaison。此外，您可以联系 National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) [国家档案和记录管理局] 的 Office of Government Information Services (OGIS) [政府信息服务办公室]，询问其提供的 FOIA 调解服务。OGIS 的联系信息如下：OGIS, NARA, 8601 Adelphi Road-OGIS, College Park, Maryland 20740-6001，电子邮件 [email protected]；电话 202-741-5770；免费电话 1-877-684-6448；或传真 202-741-5769。

If you are not satisfied with the response to this request, you have the right to appeal this determination under the FOIA. You may administratively appeal by writing to the NTSB, Attn:

如果您对本请求的回复不满意，您有权根据 FOIA 对本决定提出上诉。您可以通过致函 NTSB 提起行政上诉，收件人：

Ms. Dana Schulze, Managing Director, 490 L'Enfant Plaza, SW, Washington, D.C. 20594. Your appeal must be postmarked or electronically transmitted within 90 days of the date of the response to your request.

Ms. Dana Schulze, Managing Director, 490 L'Enfant Plaza, SW, Washington, D.C. 20594。您的上诉必须在本请求回复日期后 90 天内加盖邮戳或以电子方式发送。

Sincerely,

此致，

for Roger Castillo Acting FOIA Officer

代表 Roger Castillo Acting FOIA Officer

Enclosure

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